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中頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐用(yong)耐(nai)火材料(liao)(liao)多為干式,例如干式搗打料(liao)(liao),也稱之為打結料(liao)(liao),根據化學性(xing)質耐(nai)材有(you)(you)中性(xing)、堿(jian)性(xing)和酸性(xing)材料(liao)(liao),中頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐有(you)(you)無芯中頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐、有(you)(you)芯感應爐等等,根據爐子的(de)特點和環境(jing)來(lai)選擇(ze)合適耐(nai)火材料(liao)(liao)。
對于熔化(hua)鑄鐵的(de)中頻爐(lu)(lu)內襯(chen)(chen)一(yi)般采用(yong)價格比(bi)較(jiao)便宜(yi)的(de)石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂做打結料(liao)。當冶(ye)煉(lian)溫度高、冶(ye)煉(lian)條(tiao)件(jian)比(bi)較(jiao)惡劣時石(shi)(shi)英(ying)砂打結料(liao)的(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)就(jiu)大大下降,不(bu)能滿足用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)使用(yong)要求。這時就(jiu)需要采用(yong)鎂質、鎂鋁質、鎂鉻質等干式打結料(liao)(也就(jiu)是(shi)大家常說的(de)堿性(xing)爐(lu)(lu)襯(chen)(chen)材料(liao))。
耐(nai)火材料常見的成型方法(fa)有哪(na)些
耐材(cai)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方(fang)式很多,常(chang)見(jian)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方(fang)法(fa)有擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、振動成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)形、擠(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、搗打(da)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、等靜(jing)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、熔鑄成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、注漿成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。目(mu)前耐火材(cai)料生產中使用(yong)更多的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)方(fang)法(fa)為(wei)(wei)機(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)法(fa),該法(fa)使用(yong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)磚機(ji)和(he)模具將泥料壓(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)胚體,因因一般含水率(lv)約(yue)5%的(de)(de)半干(gan)泥料,故也(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)半干(gan)法(fa)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。機(ji)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)具有配體結構致密,強度高,干(gan)燥和(he)燒成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)收(shou)縮小,尺寸(cun)也(ye)容易(yi)控制(zhi),又(you)可分為(wei)(wei)單面加壓(ya)(ya)(ya),和(he)雙面加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)兩種,后(hou)者可減小胚體的(de)(de)層密度現(xian)象(xiang)。
選擇(ze)何種成(cheng)型(xing)方(fang)法主要(yao)根據泥料(liao)(liao)性質,胚體的形狀、尺(chi)寸及其他工(gong)藝(yi)要(yao)求,除覺大部分耐火(huo)材料(liao)(liao)采用機壓成(cheng)形外振動成(cheng)形用于(yu)成(cheng)型(xing)大的異形坯(pi)體,擠壓成(cheng)型(xing)一般用于(yu)管狀坯(pi)體的成(cheng)型(xing),注漿成(cheng)型(xing)一般用于(yu)中空壁(bi)薄的坯(pi)體成(cheng)形。等靜壓成(cheng)型(xing)目(mu)前主要(yao)用于(yu)高性能耐火(huo)材料(liao)(liao)的生(sheng)產。
當然(ran),成型(xing)(xing)方法的(de)(de)選擇還(huan)受到生產(chan)廠設備條件的(de)(de)限制(zhi),因而(er)某些(xie)制(zhi)品就不能采用(yong)成型(xing)(xing)方法。在(zai)這(zhe)種情況下,企業應在(zai)滿足制(zhi)品技術(shu)要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)前提下,選擇其他較為(wei)合適的(de)(de)成型(xing)(xing)方法。
中頻爐耐火(huo)材(cai)料(liao)打結成型辦(ban)法:
1、要按規則的粒度制造好砂料(liao),并(bing)與添加劑均(jun)勻混(hun)合。如果選用濕法打結時,可參(can)加1%~2%的水分,混(hun)合后放置(zhi)1~2h后運(yun)用。
2、在感應(ying)器內側(ce)鋪以石棉(mian)布。
3、爐(lu)(lu)底打結(jie)(jie)。分批(pi)參加砂料后,每次(ci)用直徑為12~14mm的(de)尖頭鋼釬重(zhong)復搗實。爐(lu)(lu)底打結(jie)(jie)加料次(ci)數(shu)為4~5次(ci),爐(lu)(lu)底的(de)厚度一(yi)般打結(jie)(jie)到規則高度,每次(ci)打結(jie)(jie)時(shi)刻至少10min。
4、放入坩堝(guo)型芯,即操(cao)控坩堝(guo)形狀和容(rong)積的胎(tai)具。
5、爐(lu)口打(da)結(jie)。